Since a prime requisite is evidence of research, an easily-implemented change would probably be to change the minimum-length restriction on questions. I don’t know what it is currently, but forcing questions to be at least 800 characters, or 200 words, or whatever, would mean that some effort has to be put into providing something meaningful.
Padding out a poor question to the right length will only exacerbate its poor quality, will probably trigger the SmokeDetector bot in Chat and will lead to closure [due to lack of research, probably] and deletion in short order.
Perhaps the notice “Your question is not long enough” could include a link to the Help on how to write a good questionhow to write a good question — which may need revising if this is thought useful — and possibly something like “If your English isn’t up to this, you might consider ELL.”
The limit (and deletion of questions which don't meet quality standards) will improve the shop window of current questions and hopefully seed a virtuous circle.